Despite being present throughout much of Missouri prior to European settlement, grouse numbers declined rapidly during the late 1800s and early 1900s. Although restoration efforts involving translocation of over 5,300 birds resulted in the reestablishment of grouse populations in portions of the state, numbers have since declined dramatically in Missouri, as they have throughout much of their southern range. Grouse declines in Missouri and elsewhere mirror the loss of early-successional forest habitat, resulting from changes in management objectives and techniques, landowner attitudes, and increased urbanization.

• Early successional forests also benefit deer, turkey, song birds, rabbits and quail.

Grouse Nest